Detachable wheel.



J. V. PUGH.

DBTAGHABLE WHEEL.

APPLIGATION FILED AUG. ze, 1910.

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DETACHABLE WHEEL.

APPLICATION FILED AUQ.26,1910,

1,031,583. Y Patented July 2,1912.

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J. V. PUGH. DBTAGHABLB WHEEL.

APPLIGATION FILED AUG. 26, 1910.

PatentedJuly 2, 1912.

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DETACHABLB WHEEL.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. ze, 1910.

Patented July 2, 1912.

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JOHN 'VERNON PUGH, 0F ALLESIPEY, ENGLAND.

DETACHABLE WHEEL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 2, 191:5.

Application led August 26, 1910. Serial No. 579,101.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN VERNON PUGH, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and residing at Guit-ing House, Allesley, in the county of Warwick, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvement-s in and Relating to Detachable Wheels, of which the following is a specification. v

This invention relates to detachable wheels of the type in which a detachable hub part is mounted upon a permanent hub part. In such wheels 1t is usual to hold the outer hub part upon the inner by means of a. lock nut or ring provided with a pawl device to prevent the loosening of such lock nut or ring, a suitable Spanner being used rto screw on or unscrew the lock nut or ring.

Various forms of pawl locking devices and of spanners for removing the lock nut or ring have been proposed before in which the Spanner is adapted to depress the pawl when in position 'for unscrewing the lock nut or ring. These constructions have however necessitated a projection on the Spanner being made to engage with a hole in the lock nut or ring or a distinct. operation of a movable part of said Spanner when in position.v

The object of the present invention is' to provide improved screwing and locking means which Williallow of the Spanner being placed on the lock nut or ring at any position between convenient limits Without the employment of hole engaging means such as that above referred to in order to simplify the operations involved and reduce the time occupied in fastening or removing a detachable wheel. i

The invention consists for this purpose in means for securing detachable wheels, comprising a lock nut or ring, having abutment means, and carrying inclosed pawl locking means on the end thereof, said locking means having an external controlling' element, and a Spanner having an operating part, projecting over the end of said lock nutor ring, and acting to disengage said pawl locking means before said Spanner Iengages to rotate said nut, when placed thereon, and moved in a direction to disconnect same, said pawl means being free to clatter over the teeth when said nut or ring is screwed u to Secure said wheel.

Vith these and other objects in View, my invention consists in certain novel details of construction, and combination of parts, as

will be hereinafter fully described and finally pointed out in the claims.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings: Figures 1, 2 and 3 illustrate one method of carrying the invention into effect, Flgs. 2 and 3 being sections on the line A-A and B-B of Fig. 1 respectively. Figs. 4 and 5 Show another modification, Fig. 5 being a section on the line C-C of Fi i. 4. Figs. 6 to 9 illustrate two further modifications, Figs. 8 and 9 being sections on the lines D-D and E--E respectively of Fig. 7. I In carrying this invention into edect according to the modification shown in Figs. l to 3, I place the pawl, a, within a box, b, on the exterior of a lock ring, c, and provide a part as shown dotted in Fig. l to project through a hole in the face of the lock ring,

c, to engage the ratchet teeth d, as described in my British specication, No. 18300/1908 but arrange that the pawl shall project above the surface of the box when it is in engage ment with the ratchet teeth, d, on the end of the outer hub part, e. The Spanner, f, for use with this arrangement of pawl is of the ring type and is provided with flange pieces, g, fitting ov'er the front and back of the lock rmg, c. 'I he Spanner, f, is also provided as shown with a project-ion, i, which may be formed as a part of the Spanner, or

vas a part removably mounted thereon. A

recess, j, is provided in the locking ring, c,-

for this projection, z', when the Spanner is positioned on the ring, c. lf when in position the Spanner iS moved in a direction for screwing up the lock ring which in the arrangement shown is clockwise, upon the inner hub part, the left hand part of the projection, z', Will engage with the end of the recess, j, and thus the motion of the Spanner will be transmitted to the lock ring, c. When the Spanner and lock ring are in this relative position the lange piece, g, on the front of the face of the Spanner will be out of engagement with the pawl a, the latter will therefore be free to clatter past the ratchet teeth in the ordinary manner. To

unscrew the lock ring the Spanner, f, is

scribed while the pawl is left 20 pressed by suitably shaping the contour. of A the back of the gap.V In either of' these eo n,

I With the ratchet teeth, d, the unscrewing of,

the lock ring, c, 1s thus permit-ted.

.The length between the abutting facesof the recess, j, in the lock` ring and the length' 5 of theprojecting part, z', of the spanner may be varied to give anydesired 'movement of the Spanner upon the ring before the ring is rotated and -if desired more than one such recess, j, and projecting part, i, together with a corresponding number of pawl 0perating pieces, g, may be employed, to increase the range Within `wh1ch' the Spanner A mzy be positioned u-pon the ring. )y Il some cases the front flange piece, g,

may becontinued as a flange fitting over the entire peripheryr` of the vlock ring, e; one-or more gaps being cut in this flange to admit the pawl box, Znas will be subseoluently demodifications the aWl, a, and its spring, t, -may be pivoted wlthin the inclos'ingbox, b, as described in my British specification No.

18300/1908 or theymay `be secured inthe manner shown in'these figures in which the pivot upon which thevpawl, a, is mounted consists of a stud, screwed into'the lock ring, c, and provi ed with a square, hexagonal, knurled or )other non-slipping part engaging with a similar hole inthe 1nc1os ing box, b, the end .of the stud, p, extending from the` box, b, being -screwed to receive a nut, r, which will thus help to secure the inclosing box,"b, in position. Thus should either the screws, s, which secure the inclos- ,ing box, b, to the lock ring, c, or the nut r, shake oil',A the inclosing box, b, will still be. held in position. The spring, t, which 40 presses the pawl, a normally into engagement with the ratchet teeth, d, has one end engaging a hole in the lock ring, while the other is pressing against the pawl,`".. 4Thus should both the screws, s, and. the nut,1r,

v shake off, the pawl will remain in position on its central pivot 10,v being held there 'by the knurled, square orhexagon part of this central Eivot and kept 1n engagement with the ratc et teeth, d, by its spring, t, which is itself secured in the'hole in the lock ring, c.

,In a further modification as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the pawl, a, is provided with a part, h, Vprojecting through a hole, fv, in the face of the inclosing box, b, and this is adapted to be depressed-by the flange piece,

g, carried bythe Spanner, f,=when the'latter 1s moved in the direction for unscrewing the lockring, c.' A gap, c, is cut in a flange, m, of the Spanner, f, bto provide abutment faces,

closing box, b, and the distance Abetween ,these abutting faces, n, determines the length of movement of the Spanner, f asI explained in connection with the recess j in '65 the previous modification. In this modifias to be visible through the 'it'being split pm or screw when the pawl is -in en- ,logking the. pawl, ratchet teeth, d,

to bear against the'ends of the pawl incation. the pawl, a, is shown-inclosed in a box, b, as described in my British Patent In the'rnodication sho-wninFi ..1 a

legend for'instance-the word Sa e as shownmay be provided on `the end of the pawl, a', which can' be seen when the pawl is in engagement lwith the ratchet teeth, d, and when depressing 'the pawl to clear these teeth, this legend is hidden. In a modifibe placed on the pawl, a, in such a position hole, o, when 1s 1n engagement and invisible when the pawl Vis depressed I may also arrangejf desired that when the pawl, a.; is depressed another word such as Free shall' be disclosed to indicate that the pawl the pawl, a,

is clear of the ratchet teeth, d.

AI may further provide means for posi-` tively ,locking the pawl, a, -in position when 1n engagement with the ratchet teeth on the outer hub part. of a cotter, through the These means may consist spllt 'pin' or screw ypassing -mclosmg box, b, and which either passes'. through a part of the pawl, a,

or is adapted to engage with one 'of its edges,

only possible to insert such cotter,

gagementwith the ratchet teeth, d.' I may also arrange thaty the head or other vpart of the cotter, split pin or screw shallvprevent the spanner, f, from engaging with the lock ring While `said cotter, split pin or screw is in' position. For instance in the modiflcaf tion shown in Fig. 1, the projecting'part, i,

of the Spanner, f, may be formed with flange portions projecting over the backand front ofthe lock ring, c ,1 the flange piece, g, shown dotted in this ligure as being placed on the back of the Spanner being removed and the cotter, split pin or screw used for positively tending over the edge of the lock ring. In placing the spannerlin position the lock ring, o, must first be inserted "between the flange portions of the projection, z', and the Spanner then moved to surround the lock ring which .wlll be seen is rendered impos-z sible while the cotter, splitI pin or screw above mentioned is in position on account of the partextending over the edge of the lock ring. This can be done, however, after In the-modification shown in Figs. 6 to 9.*

the inclosing box, b, is adapted 'to contain only't-he spring, t, which operates the pawl,

a, in engagement with the having a head or. par't exlao cation shown 1n Fig. 4 the 4word Safe, may z5' i a. The pawl projects into the interior ofof the inclosing box, b, so 4as to form with the lock ring, c, a groove in which a'flange,

1, on the external operating member, fw, is adapted to slide.- To remove the pawl, a, it is only necessary to remove the inclos'ing box, b, thepawl, a, being withdrawn through the opening .in the lock ring, 0. All the edges of the pawl, a, are chamfered as shown at u, so as to prevent damage'if the pawl is hit except that edge against which a blow would throw the pawl out of engagement with the teeth, d. The Spanner for use with this form bf pawl locking device carries an operating` lor flange piece, g, with an inc'lined lower edge which is adapted in the modification Shown in Fig. 6 first to depress the operating member, w, and then toengage with the end, 2, o-f the inclosing box, b, when the Spanner, f, is turned so as to.:unscrew the lock ring, c, while if the Spanner is turned in the opposite direction this operating piece, g, abuts against-the opposite end, 3, of thepawl inclosing box, b, and does not therefore operate on the member fw. It will be seen that by this construction the operating member 'w stands in front of the abutment, 2, against which the operating piece, g, of the Spanner, f, mustpress to unscrew the lock ring, c, and the pawl, a, is thus automatically thrown out of engagement before the lock ring can be screwed v around.

In the further modification of this device Shown in Fig. 7 the pawl, a, itself is made of sufficient strength to form an abut-ment againstwhich the operating piece, g, of the Spanner, f, presses when the Spanner is moved in 'the direction to unscrew the lock ring, c. The engaging surfaces of the pawl, a, and piece, g, are so shaped that the pressure of the Spanner operating piece, g, against the pawl, a, engagement with the ratchet teeth, d, on the outer hub part, e. It will be noted that in this modification there is nothing which can be struck to screw the wheel ofi' except the pawl, a, itself -and in Striking the pawl it is necessarily thrown out of act-ion. On both these latter modifications the word Safe may be marked on the lock ring as Shown in such a position as to be visible when the pawlfis in its normal position, viz., in engagement with the ratchet teeth, (l, and to be hidden by the pawl when the latter is depressed. I may also as already mentioned arrange for another Word such as Free to be rendered visible by the depression of the pawl, a, so as to indica-te when the pawl is out of engagement. Instead of a Spanner of the ring type as shown for use with these moves the latter out'of latter modifications a C Spanner may be used. In both of these latter modifications I may also provide `positive locking means for the pawl as already' described with reference to the former modification. Any other suitable indicating means may be employed, for instance, I may use marks of green and vred paint, the green being disclosed when the pawl is in engagement with the ratchet teeth and the red only disclosed when the pawl has been moved free of them! It will be observed that many modifications may be made in the method of carrying this invention into effect without in any Way departing fromthe spirit of the Same. i

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire to Secure by Letters Patent is 1.v In combination in a device for securing ydetachable wheels, a nut or Screwed member having locking means, and detachable means for rotating said nut which, when applied to the external surface thereof and`moved in the direction for unscrewing, first cO-acts with said locking means to disengage the Same.

2. In-combination in a device for securing detachable wheels,- a nut or screwed member, teeth fixed relative to the rotation of said nut, a pawl pivoted on said nut, a spring pressing said pawl into engagement with said teeth thus allowing rotation in one direction only and a detachable tool which is applied externally for rotating Said nut, which tool when moved in the direction for unscrewing, first co-acts with a part of said pawl to effect disengagement from said teeth.

3. In a device for Securing detachable Wheels, in combination a nut or Screwed member fixed axially but free to rotate relative to the hub of the wheel, ratchet teeth formed internally of the hub, a pawl pivoted on Said nut, a spring pressing 'said pawl into engagement with said teeth so that said pawl will engage with Said teeth to prevent unscrewing of the nut but will slip over the teeth when the nut is screwed on, an indicating not-ice adapted to be disclosed when said pawl is in engagement with said teeth but to be covered when said pawl is not so engaged and detachable means for rotating said nut in either direction which, when placed upon and moved in a direction to unscrew same, first operates to disengage said pawl from Said teeth and then to unscrew said nut.

4. In combination with a cylindrical nut or screwed member for securing detachable wheels which is locked against unscrewing, a detachable Spanner which,within limits, may be freely applied and rotated upon the external surface of said nut and means upon said Spanner which engage and screw up said nut when the Spanner is Vrotated in one direction and; which rst unlock and then.

unscrew said nut when the spanner is rotated in-the other direction.

v5. In a device for securing detachable wheels in combinationV a nut or screwed member, teeth fixed relative to the rotation of` said-nut, a pawl pivoted on said nut, -a spring pressing said pawl into engagement with said teeth, Said pawl and teeth allowing rotation of the nut in one direction only, a' detachable Spanner which within limits may be 'freely applied and rotated upon the external surface of said nut, means upon said Spanner which engage 'and screw up said nut when the Spanner is rotated in'one direction, and means which, when the spanner is rotated in the other direction, iirst coact.with a part of said pawl toeiect disengagenent from said teeth .before the nut is rotated.

6. In a device for Securing detachable wheels, in combinationv a nut f or screwed member fixed axially but free to rotate rel-l ative to the hub of the wheel, ratchet teeth formed internally of the hub, a pawl pivoted on said nut, a spring pressing said pawl into engagement with said teeth so 'that said pawl will engage withsaid teeth to prevent unscrewing ofthe nut but will slip over 'the teeth when the nut is screwed on, a legend adapted to be disclosed when said pawl is inengagement with said teeth but to be covered when said pawl is not so engaged, a Spanner which within limits may freely positioned and rotated upon said nut and means upon said Spanner which'engage and screw up said nut when the spanner is rotated in one direction andwhich operate to disengage said pawl from said teeth and then to unscrew said nut when the Spanner is rotated in the other direction.

7. In a device for securing detachable wheels, in combination a nut or screwed member, means including a pawl engaging with teeth for locking said nut, a detachable ring Spanner encircling said nut and capable of a small rotational movement thereon before engaging to turn said nut in either direction and a plate or flange piece on said Spanner projecting slightly over the end of said nut whereby when said Spanner is rotated upon Said nut in a direction to unscrew samesaid plate engages a partof said pawl and moves Said pawl out of engagement with said teeth before said Spanner acts to unscrew said nut.

8. 4In a device for securing detachable wheels, in combination .a nut or screwed member, teeth fixed relative'to the rotation of said nut, a pawl pivoted on said nut, a spring pressing said pawl into engagement with said teeth, said pawl and teeth allowing rotation of the nut in one direction only, a detachable ring spanner encircling sald .nut and capable of a small rotational'urnovement thereon before acting to turn said mit in either direction and a piece on said 'Spanner projecting slight y over the end of said nut, whereby, when said Spanner is rotated upon said nut in a direcwheels, in Vcombination a nut or screwedmember fixed axially but free to rot-ate relative to the hub of the wheel, ratchet teeth formedinternallyof the hub, a pawl pivoted on said nut, a spring pressing said pawl into engagement with said teeth so that Said pawl will engage with said teeth to prevent unscrewing of the nut but will shp 'over the teeth when the nut is screwed on, a

late or flan elegend adapted to be disclosed when said pawl is in engagement with said teeth, but to becovered when said pawlis not son-engaged, a detachable-rin Spanner encirclin said nut and capable o a small rotationa4 movement thereon before acting-to turn said nut ineither direction, anda plate or flange piece 'on `said Spanner projecting. slightly?" over the end of said nut whereby, when said Spanner is rotated u-pon said nut ina direction to unscrew same, said plate engages apart of said pawland moves said sus pawl out of engagement with said teeth before said .Spanner acts to unscrew said nut.

10. In ,a ,device for securing detachable wheels, in combination a. nut or screwed member, means includin a pawl engaging withteeth forlocking sald nut a detachable ring Spanner encircling `said nut, a recessed part on the circumference of said nut, a corresponding projection on said Spanner for engaging the ends of said recess to turn Said nut' but allowing some rotational movement of said Spanner before such engagement and a plate or flange piece on .said

Spanner projecting slightly over the end of said nut whereby when said Spanner is rotated upon said nut in a direction to unscrew same, said plate engages a part of said pawl and nioves said awl' out of engagement with said teeth be ore said Spanner-engages said nut tounscrew it.

11. In a device for securin detachable wheels, in -combination a cylin rical nut or screwed memberjiixed axially but free to rotate relative tothe hub of the wheel, ratchet teeth'forme'd internally of thehub, a pawl pivoted on said n-ut, a spring pressing said pawl into engagement w1th said teeth, a box inclosing said spring and pawl, a detachcessed part' on the circumference pf said'nut,

.a corresponding pro'ection on said Spanner said nut ut allowingsome .rotational moveablel ring Spanner encircling said nut, a reya part of said pawl which, when said pawl mentof said spa-nner before. such engage' ment, a plate or ange piece on lsaid'spanner projecting over the end of said nut and movingv adjacent to the side of said box when said spanner rotates upon said nut,

is 1n engagement with said teeth, projecting from the side of said box into the path of said plate and being acted upon thereby'to disengage said pawl from sald teeth, and a Word such as Safe upon theprojecting part of said pawl, which is in vView' only when said pawl 'is in engagement 'with said teeth.

12. In combination in a device for securing detachable wheels, ratchet teeth and a pawl engaging said teeth to prevent disconnection of said dev-ice, said awl being arranged to display notices indicating "its relation' to said teeth.

13. In combination in a` device for securing detachable Wheels, a pawl engaging with ratchet teeth to prevent disconnection of said device, a screwed stud about which said pawl pivots2 holding same in position, a spring presslng said pawl into engagement with said teeth and held in position by engagement with a hole in said device,l a box covering said pawland spring connected by screws to said device, a part of said screwed stud projecting through the side -O .said

boxand being engaged thereby to prevent rotation of said stud While said box 1s' in position and a thread upon said projection part to receive 'a nut `which prevents the memov-al of said box.

In testimon whereof, I aix my signature in presence o two Witnesses. j

JOHN VERNON PUGH.

a .A Witnesses:

FLORENCE SKINNER,

. DoRo'riY PURNELL. 

